Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, affecting millions of people each year. While it can develop in anyone, early detection and proper treatment significantly improve outcomes. Many forms of skin cancer are highly treatable when identified in their earliest stages, which is why awareness and routine skin evaluations are essential.
At New England Cosmetic Surgery & Laser Center in Weymouth, MA, our team provides comprehensive skin evaluations, advanced diagnostic techniques and personalized treatment plans designed to protect both your health and your appearance.
Understanding the Different Types of Skin Cancer
The two most common types are basal cell cancer and squamous cell cancer.
They usually form on the head, face, neck, hands and arms. Another type of skin cancer, melanoma, is more dangerous but less common. Anyone can get skin cancer, but it is more common in people who:
- Spend a lot of time in the sun or have been sunburned
- Have light-colored skin, hair and eyes
- Have a family member with skin cancer
- Are over age 50
You should have your doctor check any suspicious skin markings and any changes in the way your skin looks. Treatment is more likely to work well when cancer is found early. If not treated, some types of skin cancer cells can spread to other tissues and organs.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer. It develops in the basal cells, which are located in the lower part of the epidermis.
- Typically grows slowly
- Rarely spreads to other parts of the body
- Often appears on sun-exposed areas such as the face, ears, and neck
Although it is less aggressive than other forms, it can still cause significant tissue damage if left untreated.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Squamous cell carcinoma develops in the squamous cells that make up the outer layers of the skin.
- More likely to grow deeper than BCC
- Can spread if not treated early
- Often appears as scaly patches, open sores, or thickened growths
Early intervention is important to prevent progression.
Melanoma
Melanoma is less common but far more aggressive than other types of skin cancer.
- Develops in melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment
- Can spread quickly to lymph nodes and internal organs
- Requires prompt diagnosis and treatment
Melanoma is responsible for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths, making early detection critical.
Signs And Symptoms Of Basal And Squamous Cell Skin Cancers
Skin cancers rarely cause bothersome symptoms until they become quite large. Then they may bleed or even hurt.
Basal cell carcinomas often appear as flat, firm, pale areas or small, raised, pink or red, translucent, shiny, waxy areas that may bleed after a minor injury. They may have one or more visible abnormal blood vessels, a depressed area in their center, and/or blue, brown, or black areas. Large basal cell carcinomas may have oozing or crusted areas.
Squamous cell carcinomas may appear as growing lumps, often with a rough surface, or as flat reddish patches in the skin that grow slowly.
Both of these types of non-melanoma skin cancer may develop as a flat area showing only slight changes from normal skin.
Treatment Options for Skin Cancer
The best treatment approach for any given case of skin cancer depends on several factors, including the type of cancer, its stage, and its location on the body. We will also consider your overall health and aesthetic goals when recommending the most appropriate approach. In many cases, treatment is straightforward and highly effective, especially when the cancer is identified early.
Surgical Excision
Surgical excision is one of the most commonly used treatments. This procedure involves carefully removing the cancerous tissue along with a small margin of surrounding healthy skin to ensure complete removal. It is typically performed under local anesthesia and can often be completed in a single visit. For many patients, this approach offers a reliable and efficient solution with excellent outcomes.
Mohs Surgery
Mohs surgery is a more precise technique often used for cancers located on the face, neck or other cosmetically sensitive areas. During this procedure, thin layers of tissue are removed one at a time and examined under a microscope in real time. This process continues until no cancer cells remain. Because it preserves as much healthy tissue as possible, Mohs surgery offers one of the highest cure rates while minimizing visible scarring.
Cryotherapy
In certain cases, less invasive treatments may be appropriate. Cryotherapy uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy abnormal cells and is often used for early-stage or precancerous lesions. This method is quick and requires little to no downtime, making it a convenient option for select patients.
Topical Treatments
Topical treatments may also be recommended for superficial forms of skin cancer. These prescription medications are applied directly to the affected area and work by targeting abnormal cells over time. While not suitable for all cases, they can be an effective option when the cancer is limited to the skin’s outer layers.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy may be considered when surgery is not the best option, particularly for patients who cannot undergo a surgical procedure or when the cancer is located in a difficult-to-treat area. This approach uses targeted energy to destroy cancer cells while minimizing impact on surrounding tissue.
What Happens If Skin Cancer Is Left Untreated
Skin cancer often develops slowly, which can make it easy to ignore in its early stages. However, delaying treatment allows cancer cells to grow deeper into the skin and, in some cases, spread to surrounding tissues or other parts of the body.
Basal cell carcinoma can cause significant local damage over time, while squamous cell carcinoma carries a higher risk of spreading if not treated. Melanoma, although less common, can become life-threatening if it advances beyond the skin. Early treatment is always simpler, less invasive, and more effective than addressing advanced disease.
Why Early Detection Matters
Early detection plays a critical role in the successful treatment of skin cancer. When identified in its earliest stages, many skin cancers can be treated quickly and effectively with minimal impact on surrounding tissue. This often allows for less invasive procedures, reduced recovery time and better cosmetic outcomes.
Skin cancer does not always present with obvious symptoms, which is why routine skin checks are so important. Subtle changes in size, color or texture may be the first indication that something is not right. Addressing these changes early helps prevent the cancer from growing deeper into the skin or spreading to other areas of the body.
Taking a proactive approach to your skin health allows for greater treatment flexibility and improved long-term results. Regular evaluations and prompt attention to new or changing lesions can make a meaningful difference in both your health and peace of mind.
Follow-Up Care and Ongoing Skin Monitoring
After treatment, ongoing care is essential to maintaining your skin health. People who have had skin cancer are at a higher risk of developing new lesions in the future, which makes regular monitoring especially important.
Follow-up care typically includes:
- Routine skin examinations by your provider
- Monitoring treated areas for proper healing
- Identifying new or changing lesions early
- Adjusting your care plan based on risk factors
Depending on your individual history, follow-up visits may be recommended every six to twelve months to ensure your skin remains healthy over time.
In addition to professional evaluations, performing regular self-exams at home can help you stay aware of any changes in your skin. Becoming familiar with your skin’s natural patterns makes it easier to recognize when something appears different.
Ongoing monitoring supports early detection, reduces the risk of recurrence and provides reassurance that your skin health is being carefully managed.
Skin Cancer Prevention Strategies
Read our full list of skin cancer prevention tips:
- Seek the shade, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
- Do not burn.
- Avoid tanning and UV tanning booths.
- Use a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher every day.
- Apply sunscreen to your entire body 30 minutes before going outside. Reapply every two hours.
- Cover up with clothing, including a broad-brimmed hat and UV-blocking sunglasses.
- Keep newborns out of the sun. Sunscreens should be used on babies over the age of six months.
- Examine your skin head-to-toe every month.
- See your physician every year for a professional skin exam.
Frequently Asked Questions About Skin Cancer
Can skin cancer develop in areas that are not exposed to the sun?
While many skin cancers are linked to ultraviolet exposure, they can also appear in areas that receive little to no sunlight. This includes the scalp, the area under the nails, the soles of the feet and even areas typically covered by clothing. This is why a full-body skin evaluation is important rather than focusing only on sun-exposed areas.
Is skin cancer always visible to the naked eye?
Most skin cancers begin on the skin’s surface and can be seen, but not all changes are obvious. Some lesions may appear very subtle or resemble benign skin conditions. Regular professional evaluations can help identify changes that may not be easily recognized at home.
Can skin cancer come back after treatment?
Even after successful treatment, there is still a possibility of recurrence or the development of a new skin cancer in a different area. This is why ongoing monitoring and routine skin exams are recommended as part of long-term care.
Are certain areas of the body more at risk than others?
Skin cancer is more commonly found on areas that receive frequent sun exposure, such as the face, neck, ears and hands. However, it can develop anywhere on the body. Some types, particularly melanoma, may appear in unexpected locations, which reinforces the importance of comprehensive skin checks.
Does having one skin cancer increase your risk of another?
People who have had skin cancer are at a higher risk of developing another in the future. This increased risk makes consistent follow-up care and preventative measures especially important.
Can younger individuals develop skin cancer?
Yes. Although risk increases with age, skin cancer can develop in younger individuals, especially those with significant sun exposure or a history of tanning bed use. Awareness and prevention should begin early.
Are all suspicious spots cancerous?
No. Many skin changes are benign, including moles, freckles and age-related spots. However, because some skin cancers can closely resemble harmless conditions, it is important to have any new or changing lesion evaluated by a professional.
How long should I monitor a spot before getting it checked?
If a spot changes, grows, bleeds or does not heal within a few weeks, it should be evaluated. Waiting too long can allow potential skin cancers to progress, so it is always better to have concerns assessed sooner rather than later.
Does skin cancer only affect people with fair skin?
No. While individuals with lighter skin tones are at higher risk, skin cancer can affect people of all skin types. In individuals with darker skin, it is often diagnosed later, which makes awareness and regular checks especially important.
Can everyday sun exposure really make a difference?
Cumulative sun exposure from daily activities such as driving or walking outdoors can contribute to skin damage over time. Consistent protection, even during routine activities, plays a key role in reducing risk.
Why Choose New England Cosmetic Surgery & Laser Center for Skin Cancer Care?
Where you choose to have your skin evaluated and treated matters, especially for conditions like skin cancer that require both medical precision and careful aesthetic consideration. At New England Cosmetic Surgery & Laser Center, care is delivered through a physician-led approach that prioritizes accuracy, safety and long-term skin health.
Evaluations and treatment decisions are guided by John B. Lazor, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.S., a double board-certified facial plastic surgeon and Instructor at Harvard Medical School. His experience in facial surgery provides a refined understanding of how to remove abnormal tissue while preserving the skin’s natural structure and appearance. This is particularly important when addressing lesions on visible areas such as the face, where both function and aesthetics must be considered.
Each patient is assessed individually rather than through a standardized protocol. The size, depth and location of a lesion, along with your skin type and overall health, all play a role in determining the most appropriate treatment approach. This level of customization supports thorough removal while maintaining a balanced, natural result.
Throughout the process, patients are supported by a skilled clinical team focused on clear communication, careful technique and consistent follow-up. This approach ensures that care is not only effective but also thoughtful and aligned with your long-term goals.
Take a Proactive Approach to Skin Health
Maintaining healthy skin requires more than occasional attention. It involves recognizing changes early, protecting your skin consistently and seeking evaluation when something does not look or feel right. Skin cancer often develops gradually, which makes it easier to treat when identified before it progresses.
At New England Cosmetic Surgery & Laser Center, patients receive comprehensive evaluations designed to identify concerns at the earliest possible stage. Whether you have noticed a specific lesion or are simply due for a routine skin check, a professional assessment provides clarity and direction.
A proactive approach allows for more treatment options, less invasive care and improved long-term outcomes. By staying consistent with skin monitoring and professional evaluations, you can better protect both your health and your skin’s overall appearance.
